U+2245\cong≅≅<mo>≅</mo>Semantic identity and intent
Characters to distinguish
- ≡ — Identical To
Use ≅ in the right format
Meaning and usage
Indicates a structure-preserving equivalence such as a homeomorphism or isomorphism.
Name the type of equivalence because the symbol is also used for congruence and approximate equality.
Pronunciation: homeomorphic or isomorphic to
Formula examples
X≅YHow to type Homeomorphic or Isomorphic To
- Windows
- Use Character Map or enter U+2245 in a Unicode-aware application.
- macOS
- Open Character Viewer with Control–Command–Space and search by the symbol name.
- Microsoft Word
- In an equation, type \cong and press Space when Word supports the command.
- iPhone and iPad
- Copy and paste ≅, or use a math/LaTeX app. The standard iOS keyboard may not expose every mathematical symbol.
- Android
- Copy and paste ≅, or use a math keyboard or LaTeX editor. Keyboard layouts vary by device and app.
- Google Docs
- For plain text, paste ≅ or use Insert → Special characters. For structured math, use the equation editor and verify \cong.
- Excel
- Paste ≅ into a cell or use Insert → Symbol when available. Ordinary cells preserve the character but do not interpret LaTeX commands.
Common mistakes
- Confirm the field-specific convention before using ≅; Name the type of equivalence because the symbol is also used for congruence and approximate equality.
- For plain text, copy ≅ as U+2245; for structured equations, use \cong in math mode. A look-alike glyph or image can break search, accessibility, or parsing when the intended character is Homeomorphic or Isomorphic To.
When to use ≅
- Use ≅ in plain text when a Unicode character is appropriate and the destination preserves U+2245.
- Use \cong in an equation editor when mathematical spacing or structure matters.
- Define the local meaning when Homeomorphic or Isomorphic To is used in topology, comparison with a field-specific convention.
Look-alikes and related characters
- ≡ — Identical To
Font and compatibility notes
Glyph shape can vary by font. Verify the code point after copying, and prefer LaTeX or MathML for structured equations.
Continue the workflow
From Homeomorphic or Isomorphic To to a finished equation
- Copy the characterUse ≅ in plain text when Unicode is accepted.
- Choose a structured formatUse
\congfor LaTeX or the MathML snippet for accessible web equations. - Edit or convertOpen the value in the editor or converter without retyping it.
Review and source notes
Quality tier: specialist
Last reviewed: 2026-07-23
Review method: Catalog review of character identity and notation mappings.
Verified against: Unicode Standard, Unicode mathematical notation guidance, and established LaTeX/MathML syntax.
Reference sources
- The Unicode StandardUnicode Consortium — Character identity, encoding, names, and conformance.
- Unicode Character Code ChartsUnicode Consortium — Code points and official character charts.
Frequently asked questions
What does the Homeomorphic or Isomorphic To symbol mean?
Indicates a structure-preserving equivalence such as a homeomorphism or isomorphism.
What is the LaTeX command for ≅?
Use \cong in a compatible math environment.
Can I copy ≅ as Unicode?
Yes. Use the copy button above to copy the Unicode character directly.